在化學(xué)工業(yè)中,氫氧化鉀的常見(jiàn)方法生產(chǎn)隔膜電解方法,汞,離子膜電解的方法,如三、當(dāng)我們選擇水銀電解生產(chǎn),風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比較高,因?yàn)樗菍儆谥亟饘?有很多毒性,操作時(shí)必須正確規(guī)范操作。下面小編將介紹電解汞氫氧化鉀的生產(chǎn)工藝，具體如下。
In the chemical industry, the common methods of potassium hydroxide production are diaphragm electrolysis, mercury, and ion-exchange membrane electrolysis. For example, when we choose mercury electrolysis production, the risk is relatively high, because Mercury is a heavy metal, which has a lot of toxicity, so we must correctly regulate the operation. The following small edition will introduce the production process of electrolytic mercury potassium hydroxide, as follows.
(1)氯化鉀溶液的凈化:
(1) purification of potassium chloride solution:
原料鹽浴氯化鉀的融化,并添加鉀硬質(zhì)合金、氯化鋇雜質(zhì),如鈣、鎂、硫酸,然后進(jìn)入沉降器,上層清液溢出,并使用砂濾器過(guò)濾略微懸浮固體中和槽,用鹽酸酸化成鹽貯水箱、泵后鹽水預(yù)熱設(shè)備將發(fā)揮高鹽水箱、鹽水進(jìn)入電解槽后汞。澄清罐底的鹽泥，過(guò)濾并循環(huán)利用鹽水。
Melt the potassium chloride in the salt bath of the raw material, add the potassium carbide and barium chloride to remove the impurities, such as calcium, magnesium and sulfuric acid, then enter the settler, the upper clear liquid overflows, and use the sand filter to filter the slightly suspended solid neutralization tank, acidify the hydrochloric acid into the salt storage tank, pump the salt water pre heating equipment to play the role of high salt water tank and the mercury after the salt water enters the electrolytic tank. Clear the salt mud at the bottom of the tank, filter and recycle the salt water.
(2)電解:
(2) electrolysis:
汞電解槽分為電解室和泵室兩部分。在電解室中，石墨或金屬用作正極，水銀用作負(fù)極。通電后產(chǎn)生的氯氣送氯氣干燥過(guò)程。大多數(shù)未反應(yīng)的氯化鉀在新鮮鹵水中處理:返回鹵水工藝。在萃取室中，鉀泵與末端的水發(fā)生反應(yīng)，形成氫氧化鉀溶液，并流入電解液儲(chǔ)存罐。由抽氫室產(chǎn)生的氫被送到氫站。
The mercury cell is divided into two parts: electrolysis chamber and pump chamber. In the cell, graphite or metal is used as the positive electrode and mercury as the negative electrode. The chlorine generated after power on is sent to the chlorine drying process. Most unreacted potassium chloride is treated in fresh brine: return to brine process. In the extraction chamber, the potassium pump reacts with the water at the end to form potassium hydroxide solution and flows into the electrolyte storage tank. The hydrogen produced by the hydrogen extraction chamber is sent to the hydrogen station.
(3)堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ):
(3) solid foundation:
由汞電解槽電解泵房生產(chǎn)的含koh 45-50%的堿液，經(jīng)堿液沸騰制取固體堿或經(jīng)成膜機(jī)理制取產(chǎn)品。
The alkaline solution containing 45-50% KOH produced by the electrolysis pump house of the mercury cell is boiled to produce solid alkali or the product is produced by the film-forming mechanism.
上述電解汞法一般可以產(chǎn)生液堿和固體堿這兩種形式的氫氧化鉀成品，它們可以使用和銷(xiāo)售，效益會(huì)更高，所以現(xiàn)在也得到了更頻繁的應(yīng)用。對(duì)于不同的生產(chǎn)方式的選擇，我們可以綜合考慮成品的質(zhì)量、生產(chǎn)成本、設(shè)備成本等方面，希望您能有所了解。
The above-mentioned electrolytic mercury method can generally produce liquid alkali and solid alkali, which are two forms of potassium hydroxide products. They can be used and sold, and their benefits will be higher, so now they are also more frequently used. For the selection of different production methods, we can comprehensively consider the quality of finished products, production costs, equipment costs and other aspects, and hope you can understand.
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